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Peranakan (Straits Chinese)
峇峇娘惹
土生華人
Total population
7,000,000 (estimates)[1]
Regions with significant populations
Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia
Languages
Chinese languages, Malay, Indonesian
Religion
Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Taoism
Related ethnic groups
Chinese people in Southeast Asia
Peranakan
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
峇峇娘惹
Simplified Chinese
峇峇娘惹
[show]Transcriptions
Malay name
Malay
Peranakan/Cina Benteng/Kiau-Seng
Peranakan Chinese and Baba-Nyonya are terms used for the descendants of late 15th and 16th-century Chinese immigrants to the Indonesian archipelago of Nusantara during the Colonial era.
Members of this community in Melaka address themselves as "Nyonya Baba" instead of "Baba-Nyonya". Nyonya is the term for the ladies and Baba for the gentlemen. It applies especially to the ethnic Chinese populations of the British Straits Settlements of Malaya and the Dutch-controlled island of Java and other locations, who have adopted partially or in full Nusantara customs to be somewhat assimilated into the local communities. They were the elites of Singapore, more loyal to the British than to China. Most have lived for generations along the straits of Malacca and not all intermarried with the local Native Indonesians and Malays. They were usually traders, the middleman of the British and the Chinese, or the Chinese and Malays, or vice versa because they were mostly English educated. Because of this, they almost always had the ability to speak two or more languages. In later generations, some lost the ability to speak Chinese as they became assimilated to the Malay Peninsula's culture and started to speak Malay fluently as a first or second language.
While the term Peranakan is most commonly used among the ethnic Chinese for those of Chinese descent also known as Straits Chinese (土生華人; named after the Straits Settlements), there are also other, comparatively small Peranakan communities, such as Indian Hindu Peranakans (Chitty), Indian Muslim Peranakans (Jawi Pekan) (Jawi being the Javanised Arabic script,[2] Pekan a colloquial contraction of Peranakan[2]) and Eurasian Peranakans (Kristang[2]) (Kristang = Christians).[2][3] The group has parallels to the Cambodian Hokkien, who are descendants of Hoklo Chinese. They maintained their culture partially despite their native language gradually disappearing a few generations after settlement.[4
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Thursday, October 13, 2011
Tuesday, December 7, 2010
Truth never hurts...Lies will!!
A small piece of History for our future generation..Why Kota
Gelanggi (lost city) touted as earliest civilization in Malay
Peninsula news were banned as they were Buddhist.
The Johor find of 2005 which was quietly dropped was none
other than Kota Gelanggi lost city reflecting Srivijaya and its
Buddhist splendour. But they deliberately disregarded it because that
would have sidelined Malacca Empire and Islam which was smaller and
came some 500 years later. I met Dr Lee Kam Hing, a former History
prof at MU in Singapore recently at a seminar.Dr Lee, who is now Star
research director, told me he was trying his best to highlight Kota
Gelanggi, but that the govt killed it off. This is clearly another
case to cover up the real history of Malaya and fool the younger
generations into believing that our history only began from Malacca
1400.. Not only that, they try to show Parameswara as Malay and
Muslim, but actually he was Hindu! If one were to condemn these UMNO
scumbags on how they distort history, it will never end......the
condemnations will more than cover 10 PhD thesis!
A small piece of History for our future generation Hitler's
public relations manager, Goebbels, once said, 'If you repeat a lie
often enough, it becomes the truth.'
Once again our government wiped out any references to a famous
Melaka prince as being Hindu and belonging to the powerful Hindu
empire Sri Vijaya.So all of a sudden our museums, school text-books
etc. all refer to Parameswara as a Malay prince.
What race ruled or did not rule is besides the point. What is
important is not butchering history to create your own truths. You
cannot change your race even if you convert - Parameswara could have
been responsible for Umno's proud heritage of ' Ketuanan Melayu '.
If this is what it is based on, there is no ' Ketuanan Melayu
'. The lineage of Melaka Sultans are Indians, not Malays.
It is no secret that Parameswara was an Indian and a Hindu prince.
It is clear from records that Parameswara never converted to
Islam. He was an Indian Hindu who fled Palembang in Sumatra to
eventually found Melaka circa 1400 AD. It was Sri Maharaja who
converted himself and the court of Melaka to Islam, and as a result
took on the name of Sultan Muhammad Shah sometime after 1435...
The most famous of Indian Hindu Kings were Raja Chola and his
son Rajendra Chola who invaded Southern Thailand, Kedah, Perak, Johor
and Sumatra about 1000 AD. This is Raja-raja Chola - the Indian/Hindu
kings and not Raja Chulan - a Malay king. But what is really sad is
that our children are taught as though Malaysian history suddenly
began in 1400 with an Islamic Melaka.
We are led to believe that the Indians and Chinese first
arrived on the shores of Malaysia in about 1850 as desperate
indentured labourers, farmers and miners . Nothing could be further
from the truth.
The cultural influences of India in particular, and China, in
South East Asia span over 2,000 years, starting with the arrival from
India of the Brahmanical prince/scholar - Aji Saka in Java in AD78,
through to Vietnam, Cambodia (Indo China), Thailand,Burma, Indonesia,
Bali, Borneo, Brunei and beyond.
The findings at Bujang Valley speak of an ancient Indian/Hindu
presence in Kedah. There were Chinese settlements in Pahang and
Kelantan around the 13th-14th century and in 12th century in
Singapore .
The early Brunei Sultanate had a Chinese Queen. One need not
ponder at length the implications of Angkor Wat and Borobudur or that
40%-50% of Bahasa Malaysia comprises Sanskrit/Tamil words. To
illustrate, some of these word are :
bumi = boomi singgasana = singgasanam
putra = putran perdana = pirathamar
raja = rajah menteri = manthiri
desa = thesa kapal = kappal
syakti = sakthi samudra = samuthiram
kolam = kulam sepatu = sappattu
bahaya = abahya
jaya = jeya
maha = maha
aneka = aneha
nadi = naadi
kedai = kadai
mahligai = maaligai
mantra = manthrum
tandas = sandas
(This list can go on)
An extremely important archeological find that pointed to one
of the greatest empires in history - the Raja Chola empire that ruled
from the Maldives through India , Sri Lanka and right down to South
East Asia found deep in the jungles of Johor a few years ago and made
headlines in the mainstream newspapers in 2005, suddenly disappeared
from the news…..
The time has arrived for us to record our history as the facts
tell us and not as we would like to wish it.
The truth will never hurt anyone. Lies, always will .
National Institute of Education ( Singapore ) http://www.nie.edu.sg/
Gelanggi (lost city) touted as earliest civilization in Malay
Peninsula news were banned as they were Buddhist.
The Johor find of 2005 which was quietly dropped was none
other than Kota Gelanggi lost city reflecting Srivijaya and its
Buddhist splendour. But they deliberately disregarded it because that
would have sidelined Malacca Empire and Islam which was smaller and
came some 500 years later. I met Dr Lee Kam Hing, a former History
prof at MU in Singapore recently at a seminar.Dr Lee, who is now Star
research director, told me he was trying his best to highlight Kota
Gelanggi, but that the govt killed it off. This is clearly another
case to cover up the real history of Malaya and fool the younger
generations into believing that our history only began from Malacca
1400.. Not only that, they try to show Parameswara as Malay and
Muslim, but actually he was Hindu! If one were to condemn these UMNO
scumbags on how they distort history, it will never end......the
condemnations will more than cover 10 PhD thesis!
A small piece of History for our future generation Hitler's
public relations manager, Goebbels, once said, 'If you repeat a lie
often enough, it becomes the truth.'
Once again our government wiped out any references to a famous
Melaka prince as being Hindu and belonging to the powerful Hindu
empire Sri Vijaya.So all of a sudden our museums, school text-books
etc. all refer to Parameswara as a Malay prince.
What race ruled or did not rule is besides the point. What is
important is not butchering history to create your own truths. You
cannot change your race even if you convert - Parameswara could have
been responsible for Umno's proud heritage of ' Ketuanan Melayu '.
If this is what it is based on, there is no ' Ketuanan Melayu
'. The lineage of Melaka Sultans are Indians, not Malays.
It is no secret that Parameswara was an Indian and a Hindu prince.
It is clear from records that Parameswara never converted to
Islam. He was an Indian Hindu who fled Palembang in Sumatra to
eventually found Melaka circa 1400 AD. It was Sri Maharaja who
converted himself and the court of Melaka to Islam, and as a result
took on the name of Sultan Muhammad Shah sometime after 1435...
The most famous of Indian Hindu Kings were Raja Chola and his
son Rajendra Chola who invaded Southern Thailand, Kedah, Perak, Johor
and Sumatra about 1000 AD. This is Raja-raja Chola - the Indian/Hindu
kings and not Raja Chulan - a Malay king. But what is really sad is
that our children are taught as though Malaysian history suddenly
began in 1400 with an Islamic Melaka.
We are led to believe that the Indians and Chinese first
arrived on the shores of Malaysia in about 1850 as desperate
indentured labourers, farmers and miners . Nothing could be further
from the truth.
The cultural influences of India in particular, and China, in
South East Asia span over 2,000 years, starting with the arrival from
India of the Brahmanical prince/scholar - Aji Saka in Java in AD78,
through to Vietnam, Cambodia (Indo China), Thailand,Burma, Indonesia,
Bali, Borneo, Brunei and beyond.
The findings at Bujang Valley speak of an ancient Indian/Hindu
presence in Kedah. There were Chinese settlements in Pahang and
Kelantan around the 13th-14th century and in 12th century in
Singapore .
The early Brunei Sultanate had a Chinese Queen. One need not
ponder at length the implications of Angkor Wat and Borobudur or that
40%-50% of Bahasa Malaysia comprises Sanskrit/Tamil words. To
illustrate, some of these word are :
bumi = boomi singgasana = singgasanam
putra = putran perdana = pirathamar
raja = rajah menteri = manthiri
desa = thesa kapal = kappal
syakti = sakthi samudra = samuthiram
kolam = kulam sepatu = sappattu
bahaya = abahya
jaya = jeya
maha = maha
aneka = aneha
nadi = naadi
kedai = kadai
mahligai = maaligai
mantra = manthrum
tandas = sandas
(This list can go on)
An extremely important archeological find that pointed to one
of the greatest empires in history - the Raja Chola empire that ruled
from the Maldives through India , Sri Lanka and right down to South
East Asia found deep in the jungles of Johor a few years ago and made
headlines in the mainstream newspapers in 2005, suddenly disappeared
from the news…..
The time has arrived for us to record our history as the facts
tell us and not as we would like to wish it.
The truth will never hurt anyone. Lies, always will .
National Institute of Education ( Singapore ) http://www.nie.edu.sg/
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